Kazakhstan plans to build at least three nuclear power plants (NPPs) by 2050, with implementation of the first project already underway, the country’s Atomic Energy Agency has said.
The nuclear energy development strategy aims to ensure energy security, support sustainable economic growth, and meet international climate commitments, while fostering high-tech industries and strengthening Kazakhstan’s position in the global nuclear sector.
“According to the Strategy, by 2050, at least three nuclear power plants will be operating in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The first NPP project is already being implemented, construction of the second is under consideration, and for the third NPP, the potential use of small modular reactor technologies is being explored,” the agency said.
In addition to plant construction, the strategy provides for the rational use of uranium resources, localization of equipment and nuclear fuel production, and the development of national industrial capacity.
Particular attention is being given to advancing nuclear science and applied technologies, creating a modern scientific and technological base, and establishing a system for training qualified personnel.
The document also outlines measures for the safe management of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel to minimize environmental risks. Plans include the introduction of digital solutions and ensuring a high level of information security at nuclear facilities.
“The implementation of the Strategy will enable the creation of a modern and sustainable nuclear cluster in Kazakhstan, integrated into the global nuclear ecosystem,” the agency said.
A Center of Competence for NPP construction will be established on the basis of Kazakhstan Nuclear Power Plants. This entity will serve as a project office, general contractor, and holder of state equity stakes in future plants.
In the longer term, the country plans to create a specialized nuclear energy holding company that will unite project and operating organizations in the sector.
According to expert estimates, construction of a single nuclear power plant will require up to 10,000 workers, including more than 3,000 technical specialists.
“In this regard, active work is underway to update technical and vocational education programs,” the agency said. “Particular attention is being paid to training specialists such as turbine equipment operators, electricians, NPP equipment installers, and technicians responsible for plant operation and safety.”
Programs for applied bachelor’s degrees in nuclear energy are also being developed, along with new specialties, including reactor equipment operators.
The first plant will use Generation III+ reactors, which feature enhanced reliability and modern safety systems, including passive protection mechanisms capable of operating without human intervention or external power supply.
According to the agency, the project incorporates international experience, including lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident in Japan, and includes measures to prevent radioactive releases even in severe emergencies.
Contracts for the construction of the second and third NPPs have been awarded to China National Nuclear Corporation, while the first plant will be built by Russia’s state corporation Rosatom.
The site for the first plant is located in the village of Ulken in the Almaty region, on the shores of Lake Balkhash, approximately 400 km northwest of Almaty. The government has approved the Zhambyl district of Almaty region, adjacent to the first plant’s site, as the location for the second NPP.
Source: The Times of Central Asia